Country profile

Kosovo

Europe & Central Asia · Upper-middle income · Capital: Pristina

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FDI inflows 2025

$1.2 bn

+44.9%vs 2024

Inflows % of GDP

10.0%

7th of 97 economies

FDI outflows

$415 m

in 2025

Net FDI

$831 m

inflows minus outflows, 2025

FDI % of investment

24.3%

of gross fixed capital formation, 2024

In 2025, Kosovo recorded FDI net inflows of $1.2 bn, up 45% from $860 m in 2024. That is 82% above its 2020–2024 average of $686 m. By value, that ranks 54th of 97 economies with data for 2025. This is the highest annual inflow in a series that begins in 2004. Inflows were equivalent to 10.0% of GDP in 2025 — above the Europe & Central Asia aggregate (0.6%) and above the world as a whole (1.3%).

About this summary

Generated automatically from World Bank data. Figures are balance-of-payments net flows in current US$; 2025 is the latest year with broad coverage across economies.

Trends

FDI flows over time

FDI inflows and outflows, Kosovo

Net flows, current US$ (balance-of-payments basis)

Inflows
Outflows

Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators (CC BY 4.0). Indicators BX.KLT.DINV.CD.WD and BM.KLT.DINV.CD.WD.

Inflows as a share of GDP

Kosovo compared with its region and the world

Kosovo
Europe & Central Asia (aggregate)
World

Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators (CC BY 4.0). Indicator BX.KLT.DINV.WD.GD.ZS.

External financing mix

FDI vs remittances, aid and portfolio equity, current US$

FDI inflows
Remittances
Aid (ODA)

FDI is only one of the ways foreign money reaches an economy. For many developing economies, remittances from workers abroad or official aid are larger and more stable; portfolio equity is typically the most volatile.

Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators (CC BY 4.0). Indicators BX.KLT.DINV.CD.WD, BX.TRF.PWKR.CD.DT, DT.ODA.ODAT.CD, BX.PEF.TOTL.CD.WD.

Economy at a glance

The economy behind the investment

The macroeconomic, trade and workforce indicators investors and trade officials look at alongside FDI — latest year, 15-year trend and regional and world benchmarks.

Size & growth

GDP

$12.5 bn2025

145th of 186

Real GDP growth

3.6%2025

85th of 186Region 1.7%World 2.9%

GDP per capita

$7,8992025

93rd of 186Region $34,603World $14,406

GNI per capita (PPP)

$19,6502025

91st of 181Region $53,745World $25,517

Population

1.6 m2025

153rd of 217

Population growth

−1.1%2025

210th of 217Region 0.4%World 0.9%

Macro stability

Inflation (annual average)

3.9%2025

58th of 165Region 3.8%World 3.0%

Current account balance, % of GDP

−8.1%2025

85th of 97

Trade & structure

Exports of goods & services

$5.5 bn2025

112th of 138

Imports of goods & services

$9.2 bn2025

105th of 138

Trade openness (% of GDP)

118%2025

33rd of 138Region 81.8%World 68.5%

Manufacturing, % of GDP

12.5%2025

59th of 132Region 13.5%World 14.9%

Services, % of GDP

46.2%2025

128th of 158Region 65.5%World 63.3%

Workforce & innovation

Internet users, % of population

89.4%2018

20th of 182Region 78.1%World 49.4%

Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators. Latest available year shown for each indicator; ranks are among economies reporting that year (highest = 1st). Region = World Bank regional aggregate. Growth, inflation, unemployment, the current account and government debt are shown in the IMF table above where the IMF covers the economy.

Who invests

Source and destination economies

Direct investment positions (stocks) by immediate counterpart economy, as reported to the OECD.

Explore bilateral data

No bilateral positions for this economy

Bilateral FDI positions are available for OECD-reporting economies. See who invests where to explore partners of reporting economies, which include many investors in Kosovo.

Investment relationship with AustraliaTwo-way direct investment between Australia and Kosovo, from ABS and OECD data.

Structure & policy

Sectors and FDI openness

Inward FDI positions by sector

No sector breakdown

Positions by industry are published for OECD-reporting economies only, and not every reporter releases a full breakdown.

FDI Regulatory Restrictiveness

Index

Not covered by the index

The OECD FDI Regulatory Restrictiveness Index covers OECD members and around 30 other economies. See covered economies.

Peers

Similar-sized economies in Europe & Central Asia

The six economies in the same World Bank region with the closest GDP, ranked by FDI inflows as a share of GDP (2024).

Compare over time

Sources & notes

World Bank, World Development Indicators

FDI net inflows — BX.KLT.DINV.CD.WD
FDI net outflows — BM.KLT.DINV.CD.WD
FDI net inflows, % of GDP — BX.KLT.DINV.WD.GD.ZS
Gross fixed capital formation — NE.GDI.FTOT.CD
Personal remittances received — BX.TRF.PWKR.CD.DT
Net official development assistance received — DT.ODA.ODAT.CD
Portfolio equity net inflows — BX.PEF.TOTL.CD.WD
Real GDP growth — NY.GDP.MKTP.KD.ZG
Inflation (annual average) — FP.CPI.TOTL.ZG
Unemployment rate — SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS
Current account balance, % of GDP — BN.CAB.XOKA.GD.ZS
Exports of goods & services — NE.EXP.GNFS.CD
Central government debt, % of GDP — GC.DOD.TOTL.GD.ZS

OECD: FDI statistics by partner economy and by industry (Benchmark Definition, 4th edition) and the FDI Regulatory Restrictiveness Index.

Flows vs positions. Charts on this page show annual balance-of-payments flows. Bilateral and sector figures are positions (accumulated stocks) and are not directly comparable.

Negative values. Net flows can be negative when foreign investors withdraw capital or intra-company loans are repaid faster than new investment arrives.

Timing. Headline figures use 2025, the latest year with broad coverage across economies; charts also show any newer early estimates. Rankings cover economies only, not aggregates.

Counterparts. Bilateral data record the immediate counterpart, so financial centres and conduit economies can appear larger than the ultimate investors behind them.

WDI data updated 2026-07-13Sources & methods

Key figures, 2025